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Table 1 Summary of detergents tested using systematic 1D SDS-PAGE analysis. Overall extraction efficacy analyzed by 1D SDS-PAGE or 2-DE separation is expressed qualitatively relative to SDS extraction (for 1D analysis) or CHAPS extraction (for 2-DE). + indicates compatibility but poor perfomance, ++ indicates similar or slightly worse than CHAPS extraction, +++ indicates performance equal to or better than CHAPS, – indicates incompatibility.

From: Enhanced detergent extraction for analysis of membrane proteomes by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis

Detergent 1D-PAGE 2-DE Comments & Rationale
SDS +++ - IEF incompatible
CHAPS ++ +++ Poor extraction of hydrophobic and high molecular weight proteins
trans, trans-farnesol +++ ++ Natural isoprenoid
MEGA-8a +++ ++ Group of nonionic detergents commonly used for protein purification [35,36]
MEGA-9b +++ ++  
MEGA-10c +++ +++  
amidosulfobetaine-14 (ASB-14) +++ ++ Sulfobetaine-based detergents reported to improve membrane protein extraction [24-26]
Zwittergent® 3–10/SB 3–10d +++ +++  
LPC (synthetic, lauroyl chain)e +++ +++ Zwitterionic lysophospholipid
LPC (egg, mixed chain)e ++ ++ Zwitterionic lysophospholipid
LPS (bovine brain)f ++ - Anionic lysophospholipid, incompatible with IEF
LPE (egg, mixed chain)g - - Zwitterionic lysophospholipid; low solubility in high urea buffer
LPG (egg, mixed chain)h ++ - Anionic lysophospholipid, incompatible with IEF
LPA (egg, mixed chain)i ++ - Anionic lysophospholipid, incompatible with IEF
cardiolipin (bovine heart) ++ - Anionic lipid, incompatible with IEF, low solubility in high urea buffer
5,7-docosadiynoic acid - - Synthetic fatty acid; low solubility in high urea buffer
lauric acid +++ ++ Medium chain fatty acid; low solubility in high urea buffer
free fatty acids (mixed) - - Mixed natural fatty acids; low solubility in high urea buffer
DODAPj +++ - Cationic lipid used as a transfection reagent [37], IEF incompatible
1-oleoyl-sn-glycerol + - Uncharged monoacylated lipid, very low solubility in high urea buffer
C12E8 k + - Nonionic detergent used to study membrane proteins [38]
DL-α-O-benzylglycerol + - Amphipathic cyclic glycerol conjugate
tryptophol ++ - Amphipathic heterocyclic metabolite of tryptophan; ionizable at low pH
  1. a octanoyl-N-methylglucamide
  2. b nonanoyl-N-methylglucamide
  3. c decanoyl-N-methylglucamide
  4. d N-decyl-N,N-dimethyl-3-ammonio-1-propanesulfonate
  5. e L-α-lysophosphatidylcholine
  6. f L-α-lysophosphatiylserine
  7. g L-α-lysophosphatidylethanolamine
  8. h L-α-lysophosphatidylglycerol
  9. i L-α-lysophosphatidic acid
  10. j 1,2-dioleoyloxy-3-(dimethylamino)propane
  11. k octaethylene glycol monododecyl ether
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