Use of cervicovaginal fluid for the identification of biomarkers for pathologies of the female genital tract

Zegels, Geert; Van Raemdonck, Geert AA; Tjalma, Wiebren AA; Van Ostade, Xaveer WM

doi:10.1186/1477-5956-8-63

Proteome Science

Table 2 Overview of potential CVF protein/peptide biomarkers for different diseases, conditions or statuses of the female genital tract.

From: Use of cervicovaginal fluid for the identification of biomarkers for pathologies of the female genital tract

*Condition or patient status*	*Potential CVF protein/peptide biomarker*	*Reference*	*Also found in larger proteomic studies*
HPV infection and cervical cancer
	Il-6	[190, 191]
	Il-8	[190, 191]
	IL-12p40n	[65, 192]
	IFN-γ	[65, 192]
	Il-10	[65, 192]
	TGF-β1	[65, 192]
	TNF-α	[65, 192]
	Il-1β	[65, 192]
	Il-5	[193]
	Anti HPV IgG	[194, 195]
	Anti HPV IgA	[196]
	antigalactosyl (α1→3) galactose antibodies	[197]
HIV resistance
	Anti-HIV IgA and IgG antibodies	[103–113]
	RANTES	[100, 114]
Bacterial Vaginosis
	antimicrobial peptides (e.g. SLPI, defensins, lysozyme and lactoferrin)	[142–147]	[14, 22, 36–38, 40, 42–45]
	IL-1β	[198–208]
	IL-8	[198, 201, 204, 207, 209–211]
	IL-10	[120, 128, 210]
	IL-4	[198, 210]
Preterm Birth
	fetal fibronectin	[162–168]	[36, 43, 44]
	C-reactive protein	[212]
	interleukin-6	[212–217]
	interleukin-8	[215, 216, 218–220]
	interleukin-1β	[220]
	granulocytic elastase α1-antiprotease	[221, 222]
	prolactin	[223]
	sialidase	[224]
	monocyte chemotactic protein 1	[225]
	insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-1	[226, 227]	[43]
	defensins	[142]	[22, 36–38, 42–44, 147]
	lactoferrin	[228]	[14, 22, 36–38, 42–44]
	matrix metalloproteinases	[212]	[36, 42–44]
	β-human chorionic gonadotrophin	[229, 230]
PPROM
	β-human chorionic gonadotropin	[178, 183, 231–236]
	insulin-like growth factor binding protein-1	[226, 227, 237–246]	[43]
	diamine oxidase	[240, 247–251]
	active ceruloplasmin	[252]	[36, 37, 42–45]
	fetal fibronectin	[250, 253]	[36, 43, 44]
	C-reactive protein	[254]
	α-fetoprotein	[183, 231, 250, 255–259]
	prolactin	[231, 260–263]
	placental α-microglobulin-1	[184]
	interleukin-1 receptor antagonist	[46]	[22, 40, 42–45]

The table lists CVF protein biomarkers identified in non-proteomic studies using mainly antibody-dependent techniques (e.g. ELISA). Last column shows, when possible, the proteomics studies in which these biomarkers were also detected. Biomarkers identified the proteomics studies are not presented.

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ISSN: 1477-5956

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