From: The association of plasma cystatin C proteoforms with diabetic chronic kidney disease
Characteristic | N1/N2/N3 | Control | DM | CKD | p-value |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age, years | 33/34/44 | 43.82 (14.93) | 51.97 (11.77) | 61.09 (11.79) | <0.001a,b |
Sex | 33/34/44 | 0.64 | |||
Male | 15 (45.45 %) | 17 (50 %) | 25 (56.82) | ||
Female | 12 (70.59) | 17 (50 %) | 19 (43.18) | ||
Race | 33/34/44 | 0.25 | |||
Caucasians | 24 (72.73 %) | 19 (55.88 %) | 25 (56.82 %) | ||
Hispanics | 8 (24.24 %) | 15 (44.12 %) | 16 (36.36 %) | ||
Others | 1 (3.03 %) | 0 (0 %) | 3 (6.82 %) | ||
Body mass index, kg/m2 | 33/34/40 | 24.37 (3.25) | 36.33 (10.26) | 34.08 (8.28) | <0.001c |
Waist circumference, cm | 32/33/35 | 86.94 (12.07) | 116.52 (20.82) | 115.57 (18.95) | <0.001c |
Glucose, mg/dL | 33/34/37 | 98 (88, 107) | 144 (123, 182) | 142 (114, 202) | <0.001c |
Hemoglobin A1C, % | 33/31/40 | 5.2 (4.9, 5.4) | 7.5 (6.7, 9.7) | 7.6 (6.4, 9.3) | <0.001c |
LDL cholesterol, mg/dL | 33/34/41 | 118.09 (31.93) | 111.09 (39.15) | 101.95 (36.98) | 0.16 |
HDL cholesterol, mg/dL | 33/34/41 | 54.97 (16.41) | 46.41 (11.60) | 43.95 (13.29) | <0.01c |
Total cholesterol, mg/dL | 33/34/41 | 198.12 (41.58) | 191.15 (55.56) | 182.15 (43.62) | 0.35 |
Triglycerides, mg/dL | 33/34/41 | 128 (96, 182) | 162 (124, 258) | 166 (135,268) | 0.02d |
Fasting Insulin, IU | 32/23/25 | 9.53 (7.68) | 17.74 (11.32) | 16.76 (13.02) | 0.01c |
Urine Microalbumin, mg/mg creatinine | 33/33/38 | 5 (5, 9) | 11 (5, 27) | 25 (9, 174) | <0.001c |
CRP, mg/dL | 16/24/33 | 1.24 (0.35, 3.77) | 6.80 (2.50, 12.43) | 7.29 (3.91, 7.29) | <0.001c |
Serum creatinine, mg/dL | 33/34/44 | 0.6 (0.6, 0.8) | 0.7 (0.6, 0.9) | 1.25 (1.00, 1.90) | <0.001a |
eGFR, mL/min/1.73 m2 | 33/34/44 | 120.66 (24.09) | 111.13 (25.90) | 54.74 (24.97) | <0.001a |